Journal
HEMATOLOGY-ONCOLOGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
Volume 28, Issue 3, Pages 491-505Publisher
W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2014.02.003
Keywords
Melanoma; Targeted therapy; MAPK signaling; BRAF; MEK; NRAS
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Melanoma is resistant to cytotoxic therapy, and treatment options for advanced disease have been limited historically. However, improved understanding of melanoma driver mutations, particularly those involving the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, has led to the development of targeted therapies that are effective in this previously treatment-refractory disease. In cutaneous melanomas with BRAF V600 mutations the selective RAF inhibitors, vemurafenib and dabrafenib, and the MEK inhibitor, trametinib, have demonstrated survival benefits. Early signals of efficacy have also been demonstrated with MEK inhibitors in melanomas with NRAS mutations, and KIT inhibitors offer promise in melanomas driven through activation of their target receptor.
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