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Cyber-Victimization Trends in Trinidad & Tobago: the Results of an Empirical Research
PUBLISHED September 30, 2022 (DOI: https://doi.org/10.54985/peeref.2209p6511211)
NOT PEER REVIEWED
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Authors
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Troy Smith1 , NIkolaos Stamatakis2
- Institute of Criminology and Public Safety
- United Arab Emirates University
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Conference / event
- The University of Trinidad and Tobago 3rd Research Symposium (2021), August 2021 (Virtual)
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Poster summary
- In this, study we used the Routine Activity Theory (RAT) to examine online-related activities that affect cybercrime victimization in the Caribbean country of Trinidad and Tobago. First, we developed predictive models of operational risk of cybercrime victimization (unauthorized access and cyberbullying) using supervised learning methods, i.e., random forest and logistic regression, using survey data on online exposure, target suitability and capable guardianship collected from university students through an online self-administered survey. We found that that online activities that increase target exposure and accessibility increased victimization risk while physical methods of guardianship can be weakly protective. Further, the RAT was found to be better able to explain cyberbullying than unauthorized access victimization. The observed risk factors for Trinidad and Tobago were significantly similar to the outcomes of North American and European studies.
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Keywords
- Cybercrime, Victimization, Routine activities theory, Trinidad and Tobago, Risk models, Random forest
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Research areas
- Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Law, Humanities and Social Sciences
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References
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- Cohen, L., & Felson, M. (1979). Social Change and Crime Rate Trends: A Routine Activity Approach. American Sociological Review, 44(4), 588–608.
- Kosinski, M., Matz, S., Gosling, S., Popov, V., & Stillwell, D. (2016). Facebook as a Research Tool: A Look at How to Recruit Participants Using. Facebook and the Ethical Concerns That Come With Social Media Research.
- Kshetri, N. (2013). Cybercrime and Cybersecurity in Latin American and Caribbean Economies. In Cybercrime and Cybersecurity in the Global South. Palgrave Macmillan.
- Leukfeldt, E., & Yar, M. (2016). Applying Routine Activity Theory to Cybercrime: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis. Deviant Behavior, 37(3), 263–280
- Reyns, B., Fisher, B., Bossler, A., & Holt, T. (2018). Opportunity and Self-Control: Do they Predict Multiple Forms of Online Victimization?
- Samuels, D., & Zucco, C. (2013). Using Facebook as a Subject Recruitment Tool for Survey-Experimental Research. SSRN Electronic Journal.
- Smith, T., & Stamatakis, N. (2021). Cyber-victimization Trends in Trinidad & Tobago: The Results of An Empirical Research. The International Journal of Cybersecurity Intelligence and Cybercrime, 4(1), 46–63. https://doi.org/10.52306/04010421JINE3509
- Smith, T., & Stamatakis, N. (2020). Defining Cybercrime in Terms of Routine Activity and Spatial Distribution: Issues and Concerns. International of Cyber Criminology, 14(2), 433–459. https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4769989
- Zhu, L., Qiu, D., Ergu, D., Ying, C., & Liu, K. (2019). A study on predicting local default based on the random forest algorithm. Procedia Computer Science, 162.
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Funding
- No data provided
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Supplemental files
- No data provided
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Additional information
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- Competing interests
- No competing interests were disclosed.
- Data availability statement
- The datasets generated during and / or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
- Creative Commons license
- Copyright © 2022 Smith et al. This is an open access work distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Smith, T., Stamatakis, N. Cyber-Victimization Trends in Trinidad & Tobago: the Results of an Empirical Research [not peer reviewed]. Peeref 2022 (poster).
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